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Year 8 NSW
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Geography
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Global environments part B
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Coasts and coral reefs
Topic : Coasts and coral reefs
In this topic you will learn...
Chapter 1 :
Where are the major coastal regions and coral reefs?
Coastal regions are places where the ocean meets the land
Coral reefs are found in shallow, often coastal waters
Coral reefs need very specific conditions to form
There are extensive coral reefs in many tropical waters
Not all tropical waters have coral reefs and not all coral reefs are in tropical waters
Chapter 2 :
What makes up a coastal ecosystem?
The coast is affected by twice-daily high and low tides
Tides are caused by the gravity of the sun and moon
The shore can be split up into four different zones
The intertidal zone is the part of the shore that is covered by water during high tides
Sandy beaches are home to burrowing animals and birds that prey on them
Rocky beaches have animals that attach themselves to rocks
Cliffs do nt have many animals on them, but birds nest there
Tide pools are depressions in rock where seawater collects, making a small ecosystem
Chapter 3 :
What makes up a coral reef ecosystem?
Coral reefs have conditions that create a vibrant, diverse ecosystem
Coral reefs are characterised by large limestone structures known as coral
Coral provides shelter, hiding places and food to other animals living in a coral reef
The coral reef has a very tightly connected ecosystem
Camouflage is very important to animals in the coral reefs
Damage to one part of a coral reef can harm the whole ecosystem
Chapter 4 :
What are coastal conditions?
Coasts are constantly under attack by water
Waves are a major force for both weathering and erosion on coasts
Other forms of chemical and mechanical weathering shape the coast
Waves are also an agent of erosion
As cliffs are weathered and eroded, they create different landforms
Longshore drift helps create new beaches
Chapter 5 :
Coastal communities
The coast is a good source of food
The coast connects people to the outside world because boats can travel on the ocean
People have been living on the coasts for generations because food is readily available
The Makah of the US hunted whales and seals, fished and gathered forest food for 2000 years
Large cities exist on the coasts because they are in a good place for trade
Many factories are built on coasts because that is where the ports are
Chapter 6 :
Community effects on coastal environments
The coast is dangerous for people who live there
People build sea defences to protect their settlements, but they do not always work
The ocean is a source of food
Over-fishing has led to a new interest in aquaculture
Coasts are used for industry because they are close to ports
Tourism brings many people to coasts
Pollution is caused by aquaculture, industry and tourism
Governments are doing what they can to protect coastal areas
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This topic includes
17 colour images
8 flash animations
6 videos
1 final exam
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